Swan Michael. (2016). Practical English Usage 4th eds. Oxford University Press, Oxford. https://amzn.to/2ENTGZd
Nestojko, John & C Bui, Dung & Kornell, Nate & Bjotk, Elizabeth. (2014). Expecting to teach enhances learning and organization of knowledge in free recall of text passages. Memory & cognition. 42, issue 7, pp. 1038–1048. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-014-0416-z
極端な例だが、「イギリスで見知らぬ人に助けを求める場合」であれば "HELP!"と叫んではならず、"Excuse me, Sir. I'm terribly sorry to bother you, but I wonder if you would mind helping me a moment, as long as it's no trouble, of course."と丁寧に願い出るのが作法である*し、"I love you."は「月が綺麗ですね。」と訳してこそ粋というものである(￣∇￣)
したがって、もしも When the firefighters went into the building, they heard the windows broken. と言ったとしたら、"知覚V＋O＋p.p."（Oとp.p.は受動関係）の構造において、窓は（明示されていないが）何らかの行為者または原因によって「割られた」のであり、消防隊員はその際に発生した音を聞いたことになる。
可能な解釈の1つには、そもそも the buildingが火事である必要すらなく、消防隊員が偶々そこに入った時に、盗んだバイクで走ってきた尾崎くん（15歳・仮名）によって窓ガラスが割られた音を聞いた…というものだってありうる(笑)
ニュースに対して自分の意見を英語で表現するための参考としてもらうための記事シリーズ第２弾。今回は、3/28から流通開始となった、イギリスの new £1 coinについての記事を題材にしてみよう。
■「これからの時代を考えると無駄が多い」編
Although the new £1 coin looks beautiful and will attract collectors, I wonder how much it will cost to change the lockers, vending machines and shopping trolleys*. Nowadays, e-cash systems are becoming more and more popular and this trend will continue. I think it would be more convenient to make them work with, say, an Oyster card, when changes have to be made anyway. Obviously, we are moving towards the cashless society and from this point of view, all the efforts and troubles to prepare for the new design do not appear to be worth the cost.
The news says that this new coin has a hidden security feature to protect it from counterfeiting. Considering the fact that 2.55% of £1 coins in circulation were estimated to be fake in 2015, it is wise of the Royal Mint* not to reveal any details about the additional feature. But still, counterfeiters will definitely try to duplicate this new £1 coin, too. Whatever the "hidden feature" may be, I hope it will really produce the intended result.
*背景説明: the Royal Mint「王立造幣局」
→英国の硬貨鋳造を担当する政府の施設。ここでの mintはスースーするやつではなく、ラテン語 moneta (money)を語源とする「造幣局」の意味。
As the first lady in this video says, he does speak his mind and won the presidential election. I believe politicians today should learn to express their true feelings, instead of sticking to their public stance, because people are used to communicating with celebrities through SNS and feel sympathy for those who seem "closer" to them. In this sense, at least to some extent, President Trump succeeded in getting people to think that he shares the same view as them. As Near (Death Note) says, "if you can't beat the game, if you can't solve the puzzle, you're nothing but a loser."
Although his supporters might assume that Mr Trump is honest because he appears to be speaking his mind, we should distinguish "frankness" and "honesty". I don't think he is trustworthy or well qualified as a politician, because he is neither tactful nor diplomatic. What the President is supposed to do is to manage various conflicts, rather than to provoke them. Just dividing the world into half -- his supporters and his enemies -- and condemning the latter will never solve any problem. As a business leader, it might be legitimate for him to say whatever he believes at his own risk, but as a politician, he needs to know where he stands.
I think the third man in the video has got a point. Indeed, it's only been a month and thus it's too early to decide whether Mr Trump is a good President or not. What we really have to focus on is whether he can really turn things around as the man says, or he will just turn the world upside down.
（大意）
三番目の男性の言っていることに一理ある。大統領就任後1ヶ月では、トランプ氏について判断を下すには時期尚早。本当に事態を好転させられる (turn things around)のか、それとも世界をめちゃくちゃにしてしまう (turn the world upside down)だけなのか、そこに注目していく必要があろう。
